What is modulation in wireless communication?

Modulation in wireless communication refers to the process of varying a carrier signal in order to encode information. This is crucial because it enables the transmission of data over various frequency bands, allowing multiple signals to coexist without interference. By altering certain properties of the carrier signal, such as its amplitude, frequency, or phase, modulation allows the information to be effectively transmitted across distances.

In practical applications, modulation techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation (PM) are used, each with its own advantages and suitable scenarios. The primary goal of modulation is to ensure that the encoded information can be transmitted efficiently and effectively, maintaining its integrity and quality as it travels through different media.

Understanding modulation is fundamental in the context of wireless communication because it lays the groundwork for how all modern wireless systems operate, whether in mobile phones, Wi-Fi networks, or satellite communications.