What type of satellite beam covers all or a significant portion of a single country?

The correct choice is a national beam, which is specifically designed to cover all or a substantial part of a single country. This type of beam allows for targeted communication and service provision to users across the nation's territory, ensuring that both urban and rural areas within the country can receive satellite services without interference from signals intended for other regions.

National beams are particularly useful for providing broadcast services, telecommunications, and data transmission tailored to the needs of the country's population and infrastructure. This capacity enables service providers to achieve optimized coverage, particularly in instances where there may be variations in geography and population density throughout the nation.

In contrast, a global beam covers large portions of the Earth, making it suitable for international communications but not necessarily optimized for a specific country's needs. Regional beams focus on specific geographical areas but may not encompass an entire country. Spot beams concentrate on much smaller areas, delivering high power and capacity to limited regions rather than broad national coverage.